What are XML and XHTML

                                 What are XML and XHTML

An introduction to explain the confusing terminology or acronym

There is a language related to HTML called Extensible Markup Language (XML) that programmers use to create their own tags. It’s widely used for Web databases, for example, because it can define tags for each data field. Because XML can be so completely customized, programmers can create almost any other markup language within it, just by re-creating all the officially accepted tags of that language.

The W3C did just that: they re-created the entire HTML language in XML, and called it Extensible HTML (XHTML). Version 1.0 was released in 2001; the current version is XHTML 2.0, released in 2004.

XHTML, then, is HTML written within the larger language of XML. Because it is virtually identical to HTML in its functionality, the basic set of tags is the same, and you can learn both HTML and XHTML at the same time. You can also use XHTML to create new tags and extensions, which is a valuable feature for advanced Web
developers.

There’s just one thing about XHTML to watch out for: it’s not tolerant of mistakes.
For example, in HTML, technically you are supposed to begin each paragraph with <p> and end each paragraph with </p>. But in HTML you can leave out the closing </p> tag if you want (or if you forget it). That won’t work in XHTML. There are lots
of little ways that XHTML is picky like that. At one point, it was thought that XHTML would eventually replace HTML4 as its
successor, but due to interoperability problems, that has not happened; instead HTML5 is poised to succeed HTML4.
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